The Prevalence of Under Nutrition and Associated Factors among Adolescent Pregnant Women: A Narrative Review
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Submitted
February 9, 2020
Published
February 9, 2020
Keywords:
-
Adolescent, Household, Pregnant, Women, Ethiopian Somali region, Prevalence
Abstract
Background: Maternal under nutrition continues to place a heavy burden on low- and middle-income countries. Pregnancy puts adolescent women at increased risk of malnutrition through diverting nutrients from the mother to the fetus, pregnancy complications and poor pregnancy outcomes (including death). Early pregnancy contributes to the cycle of maternal malnutrition. The adolescent pregnant women constitute the most vulnerable segment of a population from the nutritional standpoint; in particular the conditions of pregnant women belonging to low income group are a matter of serious concern.
Objective: The aim of this senior seminar was to the prevalence review under nutrition and associated factors among adolescent pregnant women (age <20 years) in Ethiopian Somali region, Eastern Ethiopia.
Results: The prevalence of under nutrition was [35.9%; 95%CI (30.8%, 40.2%)]. Adolescent pregnant women who had changing to less meal frequency of eating than before the pregnancy time were 4.2 times more likely undernourished than women who do not change the frequency of eating [AOR=4.2; 95%CI (2.25, 7.79)]. Regarding, number of wives the husband had, women with husbands with two and more wives were 2.14 times more likely undernourished than women with husband only one wife [AOR=2.14; 95% CI (1.02, 4.26)]. Adolescent pregnant women from severely food insecure households were 7.9 times more likely under nutrition compared with those women from food secure households [AOR=7.9; 95%CI(3.20, 19.60)]. Moderately foods insecure were also 3.03 times more likely under nutrition compared to food secure household women [AOR=3.03; 95%CI (1.02, 7.90)].
Conclusion: There was high level of under nutrition among the adolescent pregnant women. The factors associated with under nutrition among adolescent pregnant were women with husband had two and more wives, moderately and severely household food insecure, changing to less meal frequency of eating than before pregnancy time. Most of Ethiopian Somali region health office should give emphasis on nutrition in life cycle approach and strengthening activities of the community on creation of job opportunity particularly in food-insecure households.
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References
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11. Bhandari, S., Sayami, J. T., Thapa, P., Sayami, M., Kandel, B. P., & Banjara, M. R. (2016). Dietary intake patterns and nutritional status of women of reproductive age in Nepal: findings from a health survey. Archives of Public Health, 74(2), 6-11.doi: 10.1186/s13690-016-0114-3.
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31. Girma, A. (2002). Effect of polygamous marriage on the reproductive health and nutritional status of currently married women in meskan and mareko district in (butajira), southern Ethiopia (unpublished).
32. Gritly, S. M. O., & Bahafizalla, N. A. (2013). Assessment of Nutritional Status using Anthropometric Measurements in Relation to Pregnancy Outcome among Southern Sudanese Pregnant Mothers in Juba City. International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), 6(14), 1451-1457.
33. Haileslassie, K., Mulugeta, A., & Girma, M. (2013). Feeding practices, nutritional status and associated factors of lactating women in Samre Woreda, South Eastern Zone of Tigray, Ethiopia. Nutrition Journal, 12, 28.
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36. Imdad, A., & Bhutta, Z. (2011). Effect of balanced protein energy supplementation during pregnancy on birth outcomes. BMC Public Health, 11.
37. Insel P., Turner E., and Ross D., (2003). Discovering nutrition: Jones and Bartlett, Thompson Wads worth, USA.
38. Ivers, L. C., and Cullen, K. A. (2011). Food insecurity: special considerations for women. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 94(6), 1740S-1744S.
39. Jeminusi, O. A., Sholeye.O.O. & Abosede O, A. (2015). Maternal anthropometry in rural and urban areas of Ogun east sentarial district of Nigeria International journal of nutrition and metabolism, 7, 39-45.
40. Johnson, W., & Moore, S. (2015). Adolescent pregnancy, nutrition, and health outcomes in low- and middle-income countries: what we know and what we don’t know. An international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology. doi: 10.1111/1471-0528.13782.
41. Kemal, M. S., & Aynul, M. I. (2010). Socio-Economic Correlates of Malnutrition Among Married Women in Bangladesh. Mal J Nutr, 16(3), 349-359.
42. Keumunto, M. L. (2013). Dietary Diversity and Nutritional Status of Pregnant Women Aged 15-49 Years Attending Kapenguria District Hospital West Pokot County, Kenya (unpublished).
43. Kuche, D., Singh, P., Moges, D., & Belachew, T. (2015). Nutritional Status and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women in Wondo Genet District, Southern Ethiopia. Journal of Food Science and Engineering, 5, 85-94. doi: 10.17265/2159-5828/2015.02.005
44. Khandat, M. (2014). Nutritional Status of Rural Pregnant Women in Beed District of Maharashtra state of India. International Conference on Food Security and Nutrition, 67 3-5. doi: 10.7763/IPCBEE. 2014. V67. 18.
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46. Mandal, S., Kumar Sinha, N., Samanta, P., Das, S., & Bose, K. (2011). Anthropometric Assessment of Nutritional Status among College Women of Midnapore, West Bengal, India. International journal of life sceince and pharm research, 1(1), 82-85.
47. Maxwell D, Watkins B, Wheeler R, Collins G. (2003). The coping strategies index: A tool for rapidly measuring food security and the impact of food aid programs in emergencies, FAO. Available: http://www.fao.org/pdf crisis and hunger/root/pdf/ maxwell.pdf. Date accessed March 23, 2017.
48. McDonald, C., McLean, J., Kroeun, H., Talukder, A., Lynd, L., & Green, T. (2015). Household food insecurity and dietary diversity as correlates of maternal and child undernutrition in rural Cambodia. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 69, 242-246.
49. Mensah, N. K. (2014). Knowledge in nutrition among pregnant women in Apewosika, A Suburb of Cape Coast: A Nexus in Pregnancy Outcome Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 1, 48 - 55. Doi: 10.14738/assrj.16.436
50. Mulugeta, A., Hagos, F., Stoecker, B., Kruseman, G., Linderhof, V., Abraha, Z., Samuel, G. G. (2009). Nutritional Status of Adolescent Girls from Rural Communities of Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. Ethiopian Journal of Health Development, 23(1), 1-9.
51. Naik, R., & Smith, R. (2015). Family planning improves nutrition evidence from studies in low- and middle-income countries (pp. 1-10).
52. Najim, T., Ghathwan, K. I., AlnakkashU, l. M., & Abdelraheem, Y. (2015). The Impact of Teenage Pregnancy on Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Outcomes. International Journal of Scientific Research in Knowledge, 3(4), 106-113.
53. Payghan, B., Kadam, S. S., & Redd, R. M. (2014). A Comparative Study of Nutritional Awareness among Urban-Rural Pregnant Mothers. Research and Reviews Journal of Medical and Health Sciences, 3 (4), 95-97.
54. The Linkages Project(AED). (2000). Maternal Nutrition: Issues and Interventions. Available at:www.poplne.org/node/172209, pdf, date accessed : on October 10, 2016.
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Authors
Mihretie, Y. . (2020). The Prevalence of Under Nutrition and Associated Factors among Adolescent Pregnant Women: A Narrative Review. Journal of Medical Care Research and Review, 3(2), 333–342. https://doi.org/10.15520/mcrr.v3i2.87
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