Clinic information system (CIS) also called hospital information system (HIS) is a comprehensive, integrated information system designed to manage the administrative, financial and clinical aspect of a clinic. This encompasses paper-based information processing as well as data processing machines. As an area of medical informatics the aim of a clinic information system (CIS) is to achieve the best possible support of patient care and administration by electronic data processing .Clinic information system are sometimes separated from hospital information system (HIS). The former concentrates on patient related and clinical-state-related data (Electronic Patients Record) where as the latter keeps track of administrative issues. The distinction is not always clear and there is contradictory evidence against a consistent use of both terms.
This is a subfield of medical informatics. It focuses on computer application that addresses medical data (collection, analysis, representation etc).Clinical informatics is a combination of information science, computer science and clinical science designed to assist in the management and processing of data, information and knowledge to support the practice and delivery of clinical care. The field of clinical informatics covers the following activities.
1).Medical data Mining 2). Electronic medical Record (EMR) 3).Hospital Information System 4).Laboratory Information System 5.)Decision Support System.
As an organization grows in size and complexity as is the case in the hospital system under study, the volume of data also increases hence a resultant increase in paper work which gives rise to the following problems
The mode of operation in the hospital system becomes cumbersome in nature and slow in data processing.
There is insecure storage of data which can be lost or not easily accessed on demand.
There is improper documentation of discharged patients.
There is problem of ward allocation i.e. both the admitted and incoming patient.
Delay in record accessibility due to the large number of files involved, one finds it difficult to find and update any needed file.
It brings about data redundancy in a situation where by patient are given new files each time they come into the clinic to freshly put down their particulars.
The newly proposed system is expected to provide computerized process for the preparation of clinic informatics system in Nigeria by Effectively and adequately organizing the clinic database: the new system is expected to provide an effective database that would organized the patient information
To provide information for the preparation of ward allocation ,information needed for clinic ward allocation must be handy and always easy for retrieval when needed.
To ensure data security and integrity by ensuring that data is protected against misplacement and lost.It ensures that records are secured and made accessible only to authorized users.
Help to eliminate error in data due to manual processing information leads to wrong ward allocation. To avoid this, data should be free from error.
The first step in developing the new system is to develop the computer database that will be used to store clinic information. The database was designed using MS- access 7.0 formats using a real data provided by the clinic management. This database contains the required information about the admitted patient and the discharged ones. It organizes and manages information to obtain the clinic report required to support the patient and ward allocation process.
The database was designed as a relational database and all the common files rotates from one table to another.
|
S/N |
FIELD NAME |
FIELD TYPE |
WIDTH |
|
1 |
Name |
Character |
35 |
|
2 |
Age |
Numeric |
6 |
|
3 |
Sex |
Character |
9 |
|
4 |
Address |
Character |
29 |
|
5 |
Nationality |
Character |
26 |
|
6 |
Type of Illness |
Character |
20 |
|
7 |
Bill |
Numeric |
18 |
|
8 |
Ward |
Character |
8 |
|
9 |
Health Condition |
Character |
30 |
|
10 |
P-Card-Number |
Character |
45 |
|
11 |
DT-Discharge |
Date |
|
|
12 |
State |
Character |
35 |
|
13 |
L.G.A |
Character |
30 |
|
S/N |
FIELD NAME |
TYPE |
SIZE |
|
1 |
USERS NAME |
CHARACTER |
15 |
|
2 |
PASSWORD |
CHARACTER |
13 |
|
S/N |
NAME |
DESCRIPTION |
|
1 |
INTRO.PRG |
For introduction Screen |
|
2 |
PROC.PRG |
Procedure for sub-program |
|
3 |
MENU.PRG |
Control center for the entire program |
|
4 |
CHAPS WD.PRG |
Changing of existing password |
|
5 |
BACKUP.PRG |
For database protection |
|
6 |
OPSTAF.PRG |
Open staff file |
|
7 |
EDSTAFF.PRG |
Edit staff file |
|
8 |
VSTAF.PRG |
View staff file |
|
9 |
DSTAF.PRG |
Delete staff file |
|
10 |
OPPATAF.PRG |
Open patient file |
|
11 |
EPATIF.PRG |
Edit patient file |
|
12 |
VPATF.PRG |
View patient file |
|
13 |
DPATF.PRG |
Delete patient file |
|
14 |
STAFIP.PRG |
Staff information personal report |
|
15 |
STAFFCR.PRG |
Staff personal credentials |
|
16 |
PATING.PRG |
Patient information report |
|
17 |
QUIT.PRG |
To exist from the system to Ms-dos prompt |
Patient’s Registration form
|
S/N |
ITEM |
DESCRIPTION |
|
1 |
Name |
Patient’s name starting with last name and first name |
|
2 |
Age |
The age of the patient |
|
3 |
Sex |
The fact that the patient is either male or female |
|
4 |
Address |
The number and name of town the patient lives |
|
5 |
State |
The state origin of the patient |
|
6 |
Nationality |
Country of the origin of the patient |
|
7 |
Ward |
Room made for the patient while in the clinic |
|
8 |
Next of kin |
Person to come if the situation needed someone |
|
9 |
Health condition |
Health state of the patient |
|
10 |
Occupation |
The type of job the patient is doing before illness |
|
11 |
Type of illness |
The type and nature of the sickness the patient have |
|
12 |
Date of admit |
The date a patient was admitted into the clinic |
|
13 |
Date of discharge |
The date the patient was discharged from the clinic |
|
s14 |
Place of transfer |
The new place the patient is been sent to |
|
15 |
Discharging doctor |
The doctor that sign that the patient has been discharged |
|
16 |
Reason for transfer |
The reason why a patient is transfer |
|
17 |
Report |
Annual report which the clinic authority present |
|
18 |
Photograph |
The current photograph of the patient |
|
19 |
Lab result |
The result of the lab conducted by the lab technicians |
A list of various data element required for the system.
Attribute of data such as the length of the field
The point in the system where data is required
The type of access required
The amount of data which must be stored
The level of activity which can be expected from the data
There are thousand of programming language but each of these language perform some specification task, which depend on the nature of the program and the task to execute for the purpose and easily implemented at this project PHP via MY SQL is used.
PHP is a web development language, which comes with a set of graphic and a high-level language construct that makes it easy and quick to have an idea to a full running application. This programming language uses database to display database content attractively and the database used is MY SQL, which is database application program. Web is all about making vast store of information available to a more or less wide public. Data can be viewed, added, and removed because of your web user’s keystroke and mouse click. PHP is a server-side script language, which embedded in HTML. You can connote a graphics, drag and drop it in your PC without being an expert in other programming language, because it is easy to learn PHP and require you to gain deep understanding of other programming language before you use it. In addition, PHP is easy and fun to use, because you will find yourself experimenting with your design and come up with a result. PHP is an open source program because its functionality is similar to that of Microsoft package. You can use PHP to add common header and footer to all pages on a site or store form-submitted data PHP has a stability function, this means that the software does not change radically and incompatible from release.
In conversion process, the newly designed system is put into use along with the old system. The conversion procedure alludes to the step and process involved in changing from one of the system to another. The conversion procedure method recommended is the pilot operation method. This method is chosen because it enables the old and the new system to run concurrently during the conversion period so that the strength and weakness of both system will have respect to each other.
Create a directory/folder say 'clinic software' on the c:/ and copy the executable file from the CD ROM into the folder.
Once the analyst finished the installation, the user should click on the start button menu, position the mouse pointer to program then point again to folder of the new system and finally click on the executable icon.