Urinary system and pregnancy
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Submitted
December 27, 2019
Published
January 3, 2020
Keywords:
-
Urinary system; Pregnancy.
Abstract
During pregnancy structural and functional changes occur in organs to meet the changing needs of the fetus. Naturally, the kidneys and urinary tract also change during pregnancy. Firstly, physiological changes in pregnancy will be emphasized then pathologies will be mentioned.
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References
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22. Eknoyan G, Hostetter T, Bakris GL, et al. Proteinuria and other markers of chronic kidney disease: a position statement of the national kidney foundation (NKF) and the national institute of diabetes and digestive and kidney diseases (NIDDK). Am J Kidney Dis 2003; 42:617.
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24. Imbasciati E, Gregorini G, Cabiddu G, et al. Pregnancy in CKD stages 3 to 5: fetal and maternal outcomes. Am J Kidney Dis 2007; 49:753.
2. Roy C, Saussine C, Jahn C, et al. Fast imaging MR assessment of ureterohydronephrosis during pregnancy. Magn Reson Imaging 1995; 13:767.
3. Conrad KP, Gaber LW, Lindheimer MD. The kidney in normal pregnancy and preeclampsia. In: Chesley's Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy, 4th ed, Taylor RN, Roberts JM, Cunningham FG (Eds), Academic Press, Amsterdam 2014.
4. Davison JM, Dunlop W. Renal hemodynamics and tubular function normal human pregnancy. Kidney Int 1980; 18:152.
5. Almeida FA, Pavan MV, Rodrigues CI. The haemodynamic, renal excretory and hormonal changes induced by resting in the left lateral position in normal pregnant women during late gestation. BJOG 2009; 116:1749.
6. Maternal physiology. In: Williams Obstetrics, 24th ed, Cunningham FG, Leveno KJ, Bloom SL, et al (Eds), McGraw-Hill Education, 2014. p.63.
7. Kattah A, Milic N, White W, Garovic V. Spot urine protein measurements in normotensive pregnancies, pregnancies with isolated proteinuria and preeclampsia. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2017; 313:R418.
8. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, Task Force on Hypertension in Pregnancy. Hypertension in pregnancy. Report of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists’ Task Force on Hypertension in Pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 2013; 122:1122.
9. Alto WA. No need for glycosuria/proteinuria screen in pregnant women. J Fam Pract 2005; 54:978.
10. Lind T, Godfrey KA, Otun H, Philips PR. Changes in serum uric acid concentrations during normal pregnancy. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1984; 91:128.
11. Nel JT, Diedericks A, Joubert G, Arndt K. A prospective clinical and urodynamic study of bladder function during and after pregnancy. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 2001; 12:21.
12. van Brummen HJ, Bruinse HW, van der Bom JG, et al. How do the prevalences of urogenital symptoms change during pregnancy? Neurourol Urodyn 2006; 25:135.
13. van Geelen JM, Lemmens WA, Eskes TK, Martin CB Jr. The urethral pressure profile in pregnancy and after delivery in healthy nulliparous women. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1982; 144:636.
14. Odutayo A, Hladunewich M. Obstetric nephrology: renal hemodynamic and metabolic physiology in normal pregnancy. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2012; 7:2073.
15. Krutzén E, Olofsson P, Bäck SE, Nilsson-Ehle P. Glomerular filtration rate in pregnancy: a study in normal subjects and in patients with hypertension, preeclampsia and diabetes. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 1992; 52:387.
16. Nicolle LE, Gupta K, Bradley SF, et al. Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Asymptomatic Bacteriuria: 2019 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis 2019.
17. Smaill FM, Vazquez JC. Antibiotics for asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2015; :CD000490.
18. Moore A, Doull M, Grad R, et al. Recommendations on screening for asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy. CMAJ 2018; 190:E823.
19. Wing DA, Fassett MJ, Getahun D. Acute pyelonephritis in pregnancy: an 18-year retrospective analysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2014; 210:219.e1.,
20. Hill JB, Sheffield JS, McIntire DD, Wendel GD Jr. Acute pyelonephritis in pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 2005; 105:18.
21. Lin K, Fajardo K, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Screening for asymptomatic bacteriuria in adults: evidence for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force reaffirmation recommendation statement. Ann Intern Med 2008; 149:W20.
22. Eknoyan G, Hostetter T, Bakris GL, et al. Proteinuria and other markers of chronic kidney disease: a position statement of the national kidney foundation (NKF) and the national institute of diabetes and digestive and kidney diseases (NIDDK). Am J Kidney Dis 2003; 42:617.
23. Hladunewich MA. Chronic Kidney Disease and Pregnancy. Semin Nephrol 2017; 37:337.
24. Imbasciati E, Gregorini G, Cabiddu G, et al. Pregnancy in CKD stages 3 to 5: fetal and maternal outcomes. Am J Kidney Dis 2007; 49:753.
Authors
Akyüz, O. ., Akhan, O. ., Ardahanli, I., & Aslan, R. . (2020). Urinary system and pregnancy. Journal of Medical Care Research and Review, 3(1), 317–321. https://doi.org/10.15520/mcrr.v3i1.79
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